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Learning by Sharing> References & Further Reading

Further Readings on 'Learning-by-Sharing' - A Curated Selection

The following selection contains a curated list of further readings on important aspects of “Learning by Sharing” such as Commons-Based Peer-Production’, Motivations to Share Knowledge, Connectivism, Community Governance, The Global Knowledge Commons, Open Innovation and an Ethics of Global Knowledge Sharing. The basis is the list of references of the article. The selection is ordered by topics, but of course some of the references cover several topics.

 

Do you know about another great article or book on the topic of “Learning by sharing”? Write to us to get it listed.

Commons-Based Peer-Production: A New Way of Learning

  • Benkler, Yochai (2006): “The Wealth of networks. How Social Production Transforms Markets and Freedom”, Yale University Press. PDF available online here.
  • Schmidt, Philipp (2009): “Commons-based peer production and education”. PDF available online here.
  • Hess, Charlotte; Ostrom, Elinor (2007): Understanding Knowledge as Commons. MIT Press.
  • Dulong de Rosnay, Mélanie, Le Crosnier, Hervé (2013): “An Introduction to the Digital Commons: From Common-Pool Resources to Community Governance”, Proceedings of the 1st Global Thematic IASC Conference on the Knowledge Commons , Belgium, September 12-14, 2013. PDF available online here.
  • Watters, Audrey; Hill, Mako; Schmidt, Philipp (2013, March 10): 'Session 5 - Open Learning', Part of the course Learning Creative Learning, MIT Media Lab.
  • Brown, John; Adler, Richard (2008): “Minds on Fire. Open Education, the Long Tail, and Learning 2.0”, Educause Review, January/February 2008. PDF available online here.
  • Wikimedia Deutschland e.V. (2011): „Alles über Wikipedia”, Hoffmann und Campe Verlag, Hamburg. PDF available online here.

Motivations to Share Knowledge: 14 Reasons Why Peers Help Peers to Learn

  • Preece, Jennifer; Shneiderman, Ben (2009): "The Reader-to-Leader Framework: Motivating Technology-Mediated Social Participation", AIS Transactions on Human-Computer Interaction 1(1), pp. 13-32. Available online here.
  • GTZ 2006 (and 2014, forthcoming): “Work the Net. A Management Guide for Networks”.  Available online here.
  • Ghosh, Rishab; Glott, Ruediger;  Krieger, Bernhard; Robles, Gregorio (2002): „FLOSS Deliverable D18: FINAL REPORT“. International Institute of Infonomics, Maastricht University. PDF available online here.
  • Pyne, Becca; Stephenson, Abi; Cognitive Media (2010) “The surprising truth about what motivates us” (2010, April 1), RSA Animate – Drive, Retrieved June 27, 2013.
  • Wenger, Etienne; Trayner, Beverly; de Laat, Maarten (2011): “Promoting and assessing value creation in communities and networks: a conceptual framework”, Rapport 18, Open Universiteit. PDF available online here.

Connectivism: Creating Learning Communities

  • Downes, Stephen (2007): “What Connectivism Is”, in Half an Hour [Blogpost]. Available online here.
  • Massive open online course. (2013, July 14). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 09:21, July 15, 2013.
  • Deimann, Markus; Sloep, Peter (2013): “How does Open Education (OE) work?”. In: Andreas Meiszner, and Lin Squires: “Advances in Digital Education and Lifelong Learning  v. 1, Emerald Group.
  • Wiley, D. (2009): “Defining Open‘“, OpenContent [Blog], November 16, 2009. Available online here. 
  • UNESCO (1972): “Learning to be: The world of education today and tomorrow”. Paris. PDF available online here.
  • Rheingold, Howard (2012): “Toward Peeragogy”, DMLCentral [Blog], 2012, January 23. Available online here.
  • Liyanagunawardena, Tharindu; Williams, Shirley; Adams, Andrew (2013): The Impact and Reach of MOOCs: A Developing Countries’ Perspective. In : eLearning Papers, Nr 33, My 2013. PDF Download available here.
  • Peters, Michael; Liu, Tze-Chan; Ondercin, David (2012): “The Pedagogy of the Open Society. Knowledge and the Governance of Higher Eduation”, Sense Publishers.

Empowering African (IT) Companies

  • UNCTAD (2012): “Information Economy Report 2012: The Software Industry and Developing Countries”. PDF available online here.
  • FOSSFA; InWEnt (2010): “ict@innovation: Free your IT-Business in Africa! Advanced Training Material on African Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) Business Models for IT-SMEs”. PDF available online here.
  • de Beer, Jeremy; Armstrong, Chris; Oguamanam, Chidi; Schonwetter, Tobias (Eds.) (2013):  Innovation & Intellectual Property. Collaborative Dynamics in Africa”, Cape Town, UCT Press. PDF available online here.

Community Governance: Good Practices of Organizing Learning in Peer-Production Across Borders

  • peeragogy.org (2014): “The Peeragogy Handbook”. With contributions from more than 20 authors. PDF available online here.
  • Bacon, Jono (2012): “The Art of Community. Building the New Age of Participation”. PDF available online here.
  • Fischer, Gerhard (2011): „Understanding, Fostering, and Supporting Cultures of Participation“, interactions Volume XVIII.3, May/June 2011. PDF available online here.
  • Fuster Morell, Mayo (2010): “Governance of online creation communities. Provision of infrastructure for the building of digital commons”, Doctoral thesis, European University Institute (Florence). PDF available online here.
  • Zhang, Tingting; Wang, William Yu Chung; Techatassanasoontorn, Angsana (2012): “User Participation In Self-Governance In Socio-Technical Communities”, PACIS 2012 Proceedings. Paper 108. Available online here.
  • Schmidt, Philipp; Geith, Christiane; Haklev, Stian; Thierstein, Joel (2009): “Peer-To-Peer Recognition of Learning in Open Education”. International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, Vol. 10(5), Nov. 2009. PDF available online here.
  • Jenkins, Henry (2006): “Confronting the Challenges of Participatory Culture: Media Education for the 21st Century”, The MacArthur Foundation. PDF available online here.
  • Hagemann, Petra; Seibold, Balthas (2013): “Case Study ict@innovation: An Open Source Approach”. ?”. In: Andreas Meiszner, and Lin Squires: “Advances in Digital Education and Lifelong Learning  v. 1, Emerald Group.
  • Ahn, June; Weng, Cindy; Butler, Brian S. (2013): “The Dynamics of Open, Peer-to-Peer Learning: what Factors Influence Participation in the P2P University?”, Proceedings of the 46th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. 2013. PDF available online here.
  • Mozilla Foundation; P2PU; The MacArthur Foundation (2012): “Open Badges for Lifelong Learning: Exploring an open badge ecosystem to support skill development and lifelong learning for real results such as jobs and advancement”. PDF available online here.

 

>> For more reading on quality assurance, measurement of accomplishment, skills, quality and certification in peer-learning, also check Schmidt et al. (2009) and peeragogy.org (2013, p. 74ff, p. 115ff).

Empowerment, Ownership and Sustainability - How Peer-to-Peer Learning Advances Global Transformation

  • BMZ (2008) "Golden Rules for Successful Partnerships – Design Principles“ of BMZ of 2008 [German original: „Goldene Regeln für eine erfolgreiche Partnerschaft – Die Gestaltungsprinzipien“].
  • Seibold, Balthas (2009): The global digital divide is an innovation and learning divide. Ethical challenges and solutions based on capacity building. Published in in: Dabrowski, Martin / Aufderheide, Detlef (Ed.) (2009): Internetökonomie und Ethik. Duncker & Humblot, p. 255 - 267. PDF available online here.

The Global Knowledge Commons and open innovation: Triggering Scaling Up

  • International Association for the Study of the Commons - IASC (2012): Proceedings of the 1st Global Thematic IASC Conference on the Knowledge Commons , Belgium, September 12-14, 2013. Available online here. 
  • Clay, Alexa; Roshan, Paul (2012): „Open Innovation: A Muse for Scaling“, Stanford Social Innovation Review, Fall 2012. PDF available online here.
  • Seibold, Balthas (2010a): „Unleashing Open Innovation Systems. International Experiences and Potentials for Developing Countries“, in GTZ: “Strengthening Innovation Systems in the Context of Development Cooperation”, pp. 87-92. PDF available online here.

 

>> For more reading on applying a commons approach to knowledge and the economics of open innovation in international cooperation, also see Dulong de Rosnay / Le Crosnier 2012  

 

  • Seibold, Balthas; Winter, Phillip (2010b): Freedom to innovate - To close the innovation divide, it makes sense to bank on open innovation and digital knowledge commons. In: Development + Cooperation / D+C, 2010/04, p. 170-172. Available online here.
  • Reitzig, Markus; Alexy, Oliver  (2012): Managing the business risks of open innovation. Focus on the factors that could redefine intellectural-property competition in your industry. In: McKinsey Quarterly. Available online here.

Ethics of Global Knowledge Sharing: Justice as Fairness

  • Rawls, John (1971) : A Theory of Justice.
  • UNESCO (2005): Towards knowledge societies.  UNESCO World Report. PDF available online here.
  • Watters, Audrey (2013): Bill of Rights and Principles for Learning in the Digital Age. Available online here.
  • Seibold, Balthas (2009): The global digital divide is an innovation and learning divide. Ethical challenges and solutions based on capacity building. Published in in: Dabrowski, Martin / Aufderheide, Detlef (Ed.) (2009): Internetökonomie und Ethik. Duncker & Humblot, p. 255 - 267. PDF available online here.
  • OECD (2012): Communique of the “Fourth High Level Forum on Aid Effectiveness”. Busan. PDF available online here.
  • Benkler, Yochai (2006): “The Wealth of networks. How Social Production Transforms Markets and Freedom”, Yale University Press. PDF available online here.

About the Author

Balthas Seibold is a senior project manager for ‚Global Knowledge Sharing & Learning’ at GIZ, the ‘Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit GmbH’. He focuses on open knowledge cooperation to foster the freedom to learn and innovate in developing countries. Balthas has a special interest in the knowledge commons and social networks and their potential to build human capacities, link up people and foster open learning worldwide. Before 2012 he led capacity building programs with GIZ that promote the open source IT-sector in Asia and Africa such as ict@innovation. Balthas has also worked at InWEnt – Capacity Building International, UNESCO’s bureau of strategic planning, the GTZ and the UNDP.

 

The author would like to thank the following persons for invaluable input and detailed comments (any errors and misjudgments are of course his own): Philipp Schmidt, Andreas Meiszner, Susanna Albrecht, Kader Ekici, Christian Gmelin, Petra Hagemann, Claudia Lange, Sarah Malelu, Sabine Olthof, Natalie Maria Stewart, Lennart Stoy, Miriam Unverzagt.

 

The views expressed in this article are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of, and should not be attributed to GIZ or any other affiliation.